Cyber threats have become rampant and more complex meaning that organizations have no other choice than to ensure they have good security measures in place. However, let’s introduce Identity and Access Governance (IAG) and Identity and Access Management (IAM) as the parts of a security policy.
IAG and IAM are key components of any organization because they help to control access to resources and at the same time manage the dangers of unauthorized access. With solid identity and privileging, and access controls and governance policies and procedures in place, you can control and manage identities, entitlements and access rights throughout the IT environment.
IAG and IAM are critical components of a complex security system, which, when you understand, will help you to address security issues, conform to the requirements of the legislation, and promote security in your company. Learning the details of these related fields will help you strengthen your protection and secure your resources without a hitch.
Basic Differences Between IAG and IAM
Although the term IAG and IAM are used synonymously, they are two different but related concepts. It is therefore very important to understand the differences between them in order to facilitate an effective security strategy.
Identity and Access Governance (IAG):
Identity and access management is the area of interest of IAG with special emphasis on the governance aspect.
It refers to how access rights are managed and controlled and where they lie in relation to business needs.
IAG puts in place procedures for the checking, reviewing and reporting of user access to meet with regulatory requirements and standards.
Identity and Access Management (IAM):
IAM is the business function that is directly responsible for managing the identity and the entitlements of those identities throughout the identity’s life cycle.
It includes registration and deletion of users’ accounts, and the granting and withdrawal of permissions to use specific accounts.
IAM solutions can be used for providing the security measures for the authentication, authorization and access control for any number of systems or applications.
While IAG is responsible for the policy making and supervision on the access control, IAM is the one who is responsible for enforcing the access control. Altogether, they create a complete set of measures for the administration and protection of identities and accesses in the digital context of your company.
IAG Strategy Implementation: Best Practices
Developing a proper IAG strategy is critical to protect the digital business assets of an organization from a host of threats. Here are some key considerations:
Establish Clear Policies and Procedures:
- Establish broad procedures that state the specific requirements of receiving, administrating, or withdrawing the rights of access.
- Come up with standard operating procedures which outline the procedures and measures of incorporation and or enforcement of these policies.
- Make sure those policies and procedures meet or are in compliance with the industry standard and regulatory standards.
Implement Role-Based Access Controls (RBAC):
- Choose an RBAC model of access rights that is based on the pre-defined roles of responsibilities within organisations.
- Thus, role definition (or redesign) should be revisited from time to time, particularly when it is necessary to identify changes that adjusts to the modern business environment and organizational development.
Conduct Regular Access Reviews and Certifications:
- Some of the recommendations are: Conduct periodic review of access granting to ensure the users are granted access adequate to their job descriptions.
- One should use computerized means and procedures to relieve the uncertainty and difficulties of the review and certification procedure.
Foster Collaboration and Accountability:
Create multifunctional work groups – IT, security, compliance, and business units.
Conduct a clear assignment of tasks so as to know who does what and when he/she is to do it to facilitate accountability and good decision making.
Continuously Monitor and Audit:
- Establish strong controls that help to record user transactions and behaviors as well as usage history, and any violation of its policies.
- Make use of analytics and reporting to make proper findings out of the procedure to be calculated for the subsequent actions.
Therefore, this extends the creation of a broad IAG strategy to guarantee established approaches of access rights management, risks management, and increased security and compliance within the organization.
Small & Midsize Enterprise IAM Best Practices
IAM solution is therefore very central in providing a secure way of accessing organizational resources. Here are some best practices to consider:
Embrace a Centralized Approach:
- Integrate identity management activities and tools into a single entity or application.
- This simplifies the process of the creation or assignment of user rights and removal of user rights across the multitudes of the applications and systems.
Implement Strong Authentication Mechanisms:
- Begin using additional identification factors like fingerprints, hardware tokens, or applications installed in mobile devices.
- The security should use adaptive authentication methods that change the level of authentication based on risk and user’s characteristics.
Leverage Single Sign-On (SSO) and Federation:
- SSO solutions need to be put in place to make sure that users get the best experience when accessing different applications as well as systems.
- Use SAML or OAuth to manage the physical access to resources by authenticating identity between different domains or organizations of the federated system.
Automate User Lifecycle Management:
- Control user accounts creation, changes and deletion, using business rules or service level agreements.
- The tool should be built to communicate with the HR systems and other reliable sources for account management.
Implement Privileged Access Management (PAM):
- Proper control should also be placed on privileged accounts and/ or administrative access accounts.
- Apply concepts like privilege reduction, segregation of responsibilities, and session emulating to reduce the consequences linked with privileged access.
Continuously Monitor and Audit:
- It would be appropriate to provide strict monitoring and auditing features that can monitor users activity, architectures of accesses, and policy infringements.
- Translate the use of analytics tools to reporting to find out more about what is happening in the organization and where change is needed.
By implementing these best practices, you can be sure that your IAM solution is going to be safe and effective solution for managing access to your organization’s digital assets, while at the same time improving the productivity of its users.
Using Technology for Better IAG and IAM
The use of modern technologies can go a long way towards improving your IAG and IAM plans. Here are some key technologies to consider:
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML):
- Integrate AI and ML with real time behavior patterns of users to detect any unusual or opportunistic activity or violation of any organizational policy.
- Common controls include employing rule-based systems and adaptive access that change the user’s access rights based on risk analysis and the environment the employees’ work in.
Robotic Process Automation (RPA):
- Integrate processes common with generating, removing, updating user accounts, access reviews, and compliance reports.
- Minimize the impact of human input and increase productivity.
Cloud-Based Solutions:
- Implement cloud based IAG and IAM options that are appropriately scalable, flexible and that reduce infrastructure overheads.
- Enjoy updates as and when they are available, along with improved security, and compatibility with other cloud services.
Blockchain and Distributed Ledger Technologies:
- Discover the feasibility of blockchain and DLTs in the context of identity protection and access rights in organizations.
- Take advantage of decentralized architectures, because they provide the necessary transparency, measure of audibility, and trust.
Internet of Things (IoT) and Identity of Things (IDoT):
- Take your IAG and IAM strategies to the burgeoning IoT environment.
- Ensure a secure right management for IoT devices and the connected systems.
- The future is woven in these technologies and implementing them keep your IAG and IAM strategies relevant in the changes your organization faces and protect it from threats that could plunge you into a disadvantageous position in the security space.
Conclusion
Security issues are never simple, and so, the management of security must involve IAG and IAM, two closely related processes. By learning these disciplines you will be able to properly handle user identities, permissions, and access rights, to minimize threats that arise from unauthorized access and to meet legal requirements.
IAG strategy requires that policies and procedures need to be set, role based access controls are to be installed, access reviews should be done periodically, collaboration and accountability have to be created and the system should be monitored and audited frequently. At the same time, the proper IAM solutions with effective authentication, SSO, automated user provisioning/de-provisioning, and PAM must be achieved.
Therefore, as technology advances guard your IAG and IAM strategies by embracing innovation by adopting solutions that reflect new technologies like AI, ML, RPA, cloud, blockchain, IoT/IDoT to counter any evolving threats.
Please bear in mind that the process of enhancing IAG and IAM is a progressive process that needs consistent enhancement. It is therefore important to be alert and follow the best practices in order to be able to wade through the difficult security systems and be in a position to protect your organizations digital resources and ensure compliance.
